Ready Set Read for Families
18 – 36 months
Rosa tugs on Ms. Vega's arm and says, "Wet." Ms. Vega says, "Your diaper is wet. Let's go change it."
Rosa lies down on the changing table. Ms. Vega washes her hands and tells Rosa what she is doing. "I'm washing away all the germs so you will stay healthy. I'm taking off your shorts. They're red, like your sneakers." Rosa says, "Red sneakers."
Ms. Vega takes a diaper from the shelf. She replaces Rosa's wet diaper with a dry one. "All done," says Ms. Vega. "Wash hands?" asks Rosa. "Yes," says Ms. Vega, "let's wash our hands."
Rosa heads for the sink, singing. "This way, wash hands, wash hands, wash hands." Ms. Vega sings along, then says, "Rosa, you learned a new song to sing." "Sing song," says Rosa.
Like many toddlers, Rosa is learning about language:
- She communicates her needs using groups of words.
- She repeats words she hears adults speak.
- She learns a simple song.
- She asks questions.
- She answers questions
Rosa's caregiver helps her learn about language:
- She responds to Rosa's request by answering with a group of words.
- She describes what she is doing and names a colour--red.
- She asks a simple question that Rosa knows how to answer.
- She sings with Rosa, then congratulates her on learning the song.
Listening and Talking
Toddlers are learning to talk about the present, past, and future.
- Young toddlers tend to talk about the present. "Me want cookie." You can help your toddler learn new words to talk about what he or she did in the past and will do in the future.
"Yesterday you went down the slide at the park. That was fun." "Tomorrow we're going to the store. You can help push the cart."
- Talk with your toddler about what happened during the day:
"You had a busy day. This morning, you and Sam played in the sprinkler. You ate a peanut butter sandwich for lunch. After your nap we visited Poppy. What else did we do?"
- Talk with your toddler about what you will do tomorrow. "I think it's going to be sunny tomorrow. What would you like to do?"
How to help your toddler's caregiver:
Ask the caregiver what happened during the day. Talk to your toddler about the day's events at child care while eating dinner or at bedtime.
Toddlers want to learn more about talking.
- Some toddlers learn new words and phrases rapidly. Others still use gestures and sounds to tell their families what they want and need. Talk and read with your toddler, name the things the toddler points to, and tell the toddler the words he or she can use to make requests. "Say, 'Milk, please'.
- Most toddlers understand more words than they can say. Give your toddler simple directions and praise the child for following them:
"Please go to the bathroom and get your hairbrush." "Great! You got the brush. Now you can brush your hair."
Toddlers use words to have fun and to learn.
- Play make-believe with your toddler. You can pretend to talk on the phone, feed a doll or stuffed animal, or go shopping. Talk while you play, and encourage your toddler to talk back:
"Brring, Brring. Hello. Yes, Todd's here. Would you like to talk to him? Okay, I'll give him the phone."
- Offer props such as a doctor's kit to help your toddler talk about her fears. She can be the doctor, while you are the patient. "Oh good! That shot only hurt a little."
- Say silly rhymes, such as, "The bed is on her head." Make up nonsense words like, "It's time to skidaddle to bed." Add a new verse to a song: "...and on his farm he had a pickle..."
- Ask your toddler silly questions to which the answer is "No"--one of every toddler's favourite words. "Do puppies wear pyjamas?" "Is the sky green?"
Reading
Toddlers like listening to stories.
- Have a special time for reading with your toddler every day. Some families read after dinner or as a part of their bedtime routine. Toddlers may want to read a favourite book--again and again--because they love the story and love feeling close to you. When they get older they will have new favourites.
- Read when your toddler asks you to, so that your toddler will know that you think reading is important. If you can't stop what you are doing, suggest that the child look at a book alone for a while or ask another family member to read to the child.
- Take your toddler to the library so that the child can pick out his or her own books. Keep the books in a special place at home so that they won't get lost or damaged. Watch for secondhand children's books to buy at yard sales and local bazaars.
How to help your toddler's caregiver:
Tell the caregiver about the books you and your toddler like to read at home. Ask for suggestions of books your toddler would enjoy. Look for these books at the library or borrow them from the child care program.
Toddlers like to join in while you read out loud
- Look for books that let your toddler do something such as touch and feel the pictures. Some books can be scratched and sniffed, or squeezed to make noises. Some books have pull-tabs that make things pop up or move to reveal hidden pictures. Books like these may wear out before your toddler gets tired of reading them.
- Choose books with repeated words, rhymes, and phrases that your toddler can remember. If you read these books again and again, the child might join in at the right time and feel that he or she is reading too.
- Ask your toddler questions about the pictures in a book. "Who's that?" "Where do you think he's going?" "What do cows say?" Have the child point to people and objects in the pictures. "Where's the...?
- Talk about your toddler's real-life experiences. "That looks like your raincoat. What did you do when you played in the rain today?"
Toddlers like to look at books on their own.
- Keep your toddler's books on low, open shelves or in an open box or basket on the floor so that the child can reach them without help. Stand the books upright so that the covers are easy to see. Keep books in different places--in the bag that goes to child care, in the bathroom, in the car, and next to the child's bed.
- Suggest books your toddler might like to look at alone. The child can talk about the people and animals in a favourite book, make up a story about what's happening in a wordless picture book, or name the objects in a book filled with pictures.
- Help your toddler learn to care for books. Show your child how to turn the pages so they won't tear. Remind your child to put away books after reading them. Some well-loved books will wear out.
- Ask your toddler to help you fix his or her own damaged books. Your child can show you which pages are torn and hold the book open while you patch the pages.
Building Muscles For Writing
Toddlers can build the muscles in their fingers while playing with homemade toys.
- Make a simple puzzle for your toddler by gluing a picture to cardboard and cutting it into five or six pieces. Provide dress-up clothes with buttons and zippers. Offer scrap paper to be torn.
- Make play dough that your toddler can roll, pound, and squeeze. Mix together 2 cups flour, 1 cup salt, 1 cup water, and 1 table-spoon of vegetable oil. Put food colouring in the water if you like. Add more flour if the dough is sticky. Store in an air-tight plastic bag or container.
- Let an older toddler borrow your safe kitchen tools--a wooden spoon, plastic knives and forks, a cookie cutter--to use with play dough.
How to help your toddler's caregiver:
Ask the caregiver for recipes for homemade finger paint and glue, and tips on using throwaways such as egg cartons and berry baskets as art materials for your toddler.
Toddlers use the muscles in their fingers and hands to do things for themselves.
- Plan your day so there's time for your toddler to wash, dress, and feed him- or herself. The child may take longer to put on sneakers than you do, but, "Me do it!" is a mark of pride.
- Make your home toddler friendly. A refillable pump soap dispenser is easier for your toddler to use than a bar of soap, and a small plastic cup fits in the toddler's hand. Keep the child's toothbrush where he or she can reach it.
Toddlers learn about writing by scribbling, watching you write, and seeing words around them.
- Look for inexpensive large pads of paper and large, non-toxic crayons, and washable markers. Save scrap paper and paper bags. Keep a supply of drawing and writing materials where your toddler can reach them.
- Ask your toddler to get some paper and crayons so you can write together. The child will learn about writing by watching you make a list, sign a check, or do a crossword puzzle. The child's scribbles are a way of copying what you are writing.
- Talk to your toddler about the scribbles. "You made a line and a dot. This line is thicker than that one. You used two colours, red and blue."
- Point to written words around you and read them out loud to your toddler. "Here comes our bus. It says 'Northside' on the front. That's where we're going." "These diapers are too small. We need a box that says 'over 30 pounds.'"
